| ♦There are three types of cells …… ◘ Prokaryotic cells ◘ Eukaryotic cells ◘ Mesokaryotic cells ♦ Conventionally on the basis of Nucleus the cells are of two types..◘ Prokaryotic cells ♦ Prokaryotic cells ♦ Eukaryotic cells ♦ Mesokaryotic cells |
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| Difference between Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic cells | ||
| Prokaryotic cells | Eukaryotic cells | |
| Nuclear Membrane | • Lack of Nuclear membrane. • Nuclear material remains exposed in the Cytoplasm. • Such nucleus are known as Nucleoid or Genophore. |
• Have a definite Nuclear membrane |
| Chromosomes | • Genetic material consists of Double Stranded Circular DNA. • It is not associated with Histone Protein. • This circular DNA represents the Prokarytic nucleus called Nucleoid. |
• On the other hand the Eukaryotic cells have DNA with histone protein in the form of Chromosomes |
| Cytoplasmic Organelles | • no endoplasmic reticulum, golgi complex,mitochondria , lysosomes or centriols. • All the Membrane bound cell organelles are absent in prokaryotic cell . • Intracellular compartments are absent. • The only cell organelle that is present in Prokaryotic cell is membrane less 70s Ribosomes. • These are dispersed in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells that’s why the Cytoplasm of prokaryotic cell is granular. • The Prokaryotic cells have only one envelops system. it means these have only a single membrane that is cell membrane. |
• On the other hand eukaryotic cells have all the organelles and possess internal membrane system. • The Ribosomes are of 80s type which are bounded to ER. |
| Cell Wall | • The cell wall of Prokaryotes is made up of Peptidoglycan which is a Polymer of amino sugars and muramic acid. • Pepridoglycan is polymer of the following …. • N acetyl glucosamine • N acetyl muramic acid |
•While Eukaryotic cell is made up of cellulose which is a polymer of glucose |
| Cytoplasmic Movements | • Protoplasmic movement is absent in Prokaryotes | • while it occurs in Eukaryotes |
