Important Islands of India

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Introduction

• Including uninhabited islands India has a total of 1,382 islands.
• Of the 1382 islands, the two main groups of islands are Andaman and Nicobar islands and the Lakshadweep islands.
• The Andaman and Nicobar Islands consist of 572 islands.
• And the Lakshadweep islands consist of 36 tiny islands.

Some Common Geographic Terms

◘ Atoll
• A ring-shaped coral reef, that encircles a lagoon partially or completely known as Atoll.

◘ Archipelago
• When a group of islands closely scattered in a body of water is called An archipelago.

◘ Island
• An island or isle is any piece of subcontinental land that is surrounded by water.

List of Islands of India

Major Two island Groups in India

• Andaman and Nicobar Islands (Located in the Bay of Bengal)
• Lakshadweep Islands (Located in the Arabian Sea)

State-wise List of Major Islands of India

Sl.NoIslandState
1Bhutni IslandWest Bengal
2Bakkhali IslandWest Bengal
3Ghoramara IslandWest Bengal
4Gosaba IslandWest Bengal
5Haliday IslandWest Bengal
6Henry IslandWest Bengal
7JambudwipWest Bengal
8Henry IslandWest Bengal
9KakdwipWest Bengal
10Lohachara islandWest Bengal
11MarichjhanpiWest Bengal
12Mousuni islandWest Bengal
13Namkhana islandWest Bengal
14Nayachar islandWest Bengal
15New Moore islandWest Bengal
16Patharpratima islandWest Bengal
17Sagar islandWest Bengal
18Hare IslandTamil Nadu
19Krusadai IslandTamil Nadu
20Nallathanni TheevuTamil Nadu
21Pamban IslandTamil Nadu
22Pullivasal IslandTamil Nadu
23Srirangam IslandTamil Nadu
24Upputanni IslandTamil Nadu
25Vivekananda RockTamil Nadu
26Quibble IslandTamil Nadu
27Kattupalli IslandTamil Nadu
28Abdul Kalam Island (Wheeler Island)Odisha
29Cattle IslandOdisha
30HukitolaOdisha
31Kalijai IslandOdisha
32Parikud IslandOdisha
33Nalbana IslandOdisha
34Nongkhnum River IslandMeghalaya
35Keibul Lamjao IslandManipur
36Floating Islands (Phumdi)Manipur
37Ambu IslandMaharashtra
38Butcher IslandMaharashtra
39Cross IslandMaharashtra
40Elephanta IslandMaharashtra
41Hog IslandMaharashtra
42Khanderi IslandMaharashtra
43Madh IslandMaharashtra
44Marve IslandMaharashtra
45Panju IslandMaharashtra
46Salsette IslandMaharashtra
47Sinoy Hill IslandMaharashtra
48Suvarnadurg IslandMaharashtra
49Underi IslandMaharashtra
50Yeshwantgad IslandMaharashtra
51Bhavani IslandAndhra Pradesh
52 Diviseema isandAndhra Pradesh
53Konaseema isandAndhra Pradesh
54Hope isandAndhra Pradesh
55Irukkam isandAndhra Pradesh
56Sriharikota isandAndhra Pradesh
57Venadu isandAndhra Pradesh
58Dibru Saikhowa IslandAssam
59Majuli IslandAssam
60Umananda IslandAssam
61Chavara ThekkumbhagomKerala
62Dharmadam IslandKerala
63Edayilakkad IslandKerala
64Ezhumanthuruthu IslandKerala
64 Gundu IslandKerala
65Kavvayi IslandKerala
66Kothad IslandKerala
67 Kuruvadweep IslandKerala
68 Moolampilly IslandKerala
69Munroe IslandKerala
70 Nedungad IslandKerala
71Panangad IslandKerala
72Parumala IslandKerala
73Willingdon IslandKerala
74Sathar IslandKerala
75Netrani IslandKarnataka
76Basavaraj Durga IslandKarnataka
77St. Mary’s IslandsKarnataka
78Srirangapatna IslandKarnataka
79Uppinakudru IslandKarnataka
80Nisargadhama IslandKarnataka
81Pavoor Uliya IslandKarnataka
82Bet Dwarka islandGujarat
83Kabirvad islandGujarat
84Khadir Bet IslandGujarat
85Kutch IslandGujarat
86Piram IslandGujarat
87Pirotan IslandGujarat
Major Islands of India
Major Islands of India

Brief Notes about the Important Islands of India

Andaman & Nicobar Islands

♦  Location
• The Andaman and Nicobar group of Islands are located in the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea.
• The territory is about 150 km north of Aceh in Indonesia and separated from Thailand and
Myanmar by the Andaman Sea.

♦ Extension
• The islands extend from 6° to 14° North latitude and from 92° to 94° East longitude.

♦ Area
• The total land area of the islands is approximately 8,249 km2.
• The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are 517 km long and 58 km (maximum) wide.
• The Andaman group islands are 260 km long and 30 km wide with a total area of 6596 sq
km.

▲ Physiography
• This Island is made of Tertiary sandstone, Limestone and Shale.
• The Andaman and Nicobar islands are the extension of the submerged Arakan Mountains.
• The entire island has 572 islands.
• Out of 572 islands 38 are permanently inhabited.
• Andaman and the Nicobar Islands consist of two groups of islands they are _
1. the Andaman Islands
2. the Nicobar Islands

Andaman and Nicobar Islands ofIndia
Andaman and Nicobar Islands of India

♦ About Andaman Islands

◘ Division of Andaman Islands
• The Andaman group has 325 islands which cover an area of 6,170 km2.
• Andaman group of Islands is divided into three major groups, namely _
1. North Andaman
2. Middle Andaman
3. South Andaman

Great Andaman is the main archipelago of the Andaman Islands of India.
• It comprises seven major islands. From north to south, these are _
• North Andaman
• Interview Island
• Middle Andaman
• Long Island
• Baratang Island
• South Andaman and
• Rutland Island.

Saddle Peak (2402 ft) is the highest peak of entire Andaman and Nicobar group of islands.
◘ The peak is located in North Andaman Island.
◘ The Andaman group has 325 islands.
◘ Total area of the Andaman Islands is 6,170 km2.
Port Blair, the capital of Andaman and Nicobar islands located in the South Andaman district.

◘ The Barren island is the only active volcano of the Indian subcontinent.
◘ Besides active volcano, There is a dormant volcano in the Andamans called Narcondam.
◘ The volcano is located in the Andaman sea, nearest to the capital Port Blair.

◘ In December 2018, Prime Minister Narendra Modi, renamed three of the islands as a tribute to Subhas Chandra Bose.

• Ross Island was renamed as Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Island
• Neil Island as Shaheed Island
• Havelock Island as Swaraj Island.

Important Islands of Andaman group of Islands
• Smith Island
• Interview Island
• Anderson Island
• Long Island
• Boning Island
• Ross Island (Under Port Blair islands)
• Rutland Island
• Passage Island
• Havelock Island
• Button Islands
• Sentinel Islands

♦ About Nicobar Islands
• The Nicobar group has only 247 islands.
• The total 1,765 km2 area covered by this island.

◘ Division of Nicobar Islands
• The territory is divided into three districts
1. Car Nicobar (North)
2. Camorta (Kamorta) and Nancowry (central group)
3. Great Nicobar (South)

◘ The Nicobar group has only 247 islands with an area of 1,765 km2.
◘ The Great Nicobar, is the southernmost point of India.
◘ The  Great Nicobar island lies only 200 km from Sumatra island in Indonesia.
◘ The southernmost point of India’s territory, Indira Point is a village in the Nicobar district at Great Nicobar Island.
◘ This village was named Indira Point after former Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.
◘ The point was formerly known as Pygmalion Point and Parsons Point.

◘ Important Islands of Nicobar group of Islands
• Battimalv Island
• Katchal Island
• Litte Nicobar Island
• Kondul Island


♦ Channel / Passage
• The Great Andaman and Nicobar islands are separated by the 10 degree Channel.
• The Little Andaman and  Ruth land island (part of Great Andaman Islands) is separated by the Duncan Passage.


Andaman And Nicobar Islands Line Diagram
Andaman And Nicobar Islands Line Diagram

▲ Andaman & Nicobar Islands quick overview
• Country – India
• Established – 1 November 1956
• Capital and largest city – Port Blair
• Lieutenant Governor – Admiral (Retd.) Devendra Kumar Joshi
• High Court – Calcutta High Court – Port Blair Bench
• Total Area – 8,249 km2
• State Animal – Dugong
• State Bird – Andaman Wood Pigeon
• State Flower – Pyinma (Lagerstroemia speciosa)
• State Tree – Andaman Paduk


Lakshadweep Islands

♦ Location
• Lakshadweep is a union territory of India.
• It is an archipelago of 36 islands in the Arabian sea.
• Located 200 to 440 km from the Malabar Coast.

♦ Extension
• The islands extend from 10° to 14.57° North latitude and from 72.64° East longitudes.

♦ Area
• The total surface area of Lakshadweep Islands is 32 km2 .
• The lagoon area covers about 4,200 km2.
• The territorial waters area 20,000 km2
• And the exclusive economic zone area 400,000 km2.

▲ Physiography
♦ Division of Lakshadweep Islands
• Lakshadweep group of Islands is divided into three major groups , namely _
1. Aminidivi Islands
2. Laccadive Islands
3. Minicoy Island

♦ Important island of Lakshadweep
• Amini Island (belongs to Aminidivi subgroups)
• Bitrs Island (belongs to Aminidivi subgroups)
• Kadmat Island (belongs to Aminidivi subgroups)
• Kiltan Island (belongs to Aminidivi subgroups)

• Agatti Island (Laccadive groups)
• Androth Island (Laccadive groups)
• Kalpeni Island (Laccadive groups)
• Kavaratti Island (Laccadive groups)
• Kalpatti Island (Laccadive groups)

• Minicoy Island (Minicoy Groups)
• Viringili Island (Minicoy Groups)

♦ Important Fact about the Islands of Lakshadweep

•  Lakshadweep is a coral island of India located in the Arabian sea.
Amini Island was one of the first islands in the archipelago to be inhabited.
Kavaratti is the capital of the Union Territory of Lakshadweep in India.
Agatti Aerodrome is the only airport of Lakshadweep.
• The Andrott Island is the largest island of Lakshadweep (area 4.90 sq km)

• The official language of Lakshadweep is Malayalam.
• The nearest island to the Maldives is Minicoy.
• Minicoy is the only island where the Divehi Mahal language is widely spoken.
Divehi is the official language of Maldives.
• The name Lakshadweep means “one lakh islands” in Malayalam.
•  The Lakshadweep islands  is the smallest Union Territory of India.
•  Fishing and coconut cultivation are the main occupation of the people of Lakshadweep.
•  The closest land to the Lakshadweep is Kerala.
•  The Bitra Island is the smallest inhabited island.
• The Minicoy is the second largest island of Lakshdweep after Androth.

Lakshadweep Islands
Lakshadweep Islands

♦ Channel
11 degree Channel – Aminidivi and Cannanore of Kannur in Kerala separated by 11 degree channel.
9 degree Channel – It separates the island of Minicoy from the main Lakshadweep archipelago.
8 degree Channel – The Eight Degree Channel separates the islands of Minicoy and Maldives.


Lakshadweep quick overview
• Smallest UT’s of India
• Formation – 1 November 1956
• Capital – Kavaratti
• Administrator – Praful Khoda Patel
• Area – 32.62 km2
• Official Languages – Malayalam, English
• No. of districts – 1
• Largest city – Andrott

• State Bird – Brown noddy (Anous stolidus)
• State Fish – Butterfly fish (Chaetodon falcula)
• State Tree- Bread fruit (Artocarpus incisa)


Other important Islands of India

IslandKey Points
Abdul Kalam Island• Abdul Kalam Island, located near the coast of Chandipur in Balasore district, Odisha in the Bay of Bengal.
• Formerly the Dr. Abdul Kalam Island, known as Wheeler Island.
• The Integrated Test Range missile testing facility of ISRO is located on the island.
• The island was originally named after English commandant Lieutenant Hugh Wheeler.
•The nearest port is Dhamra Port.
Sriharikota• Sriharikota is a barrier island off the Bay of Bengal coast located in  Nellore district in Andhra Pradesh, India.
• It houses the Satish Dhawan Space Centre, one of the two satellite launch centres in India.
Majui· Majuli is the largest riverine island of the world Between the Brahmaputra and Subansiri rivers ·

 

• Formed due to course changes by the rivers ·

•  In 2016 it became the first island to be made a district in India.
• It had an area of 880 square kilometres

Pamban Island· Also known as Rameswaram Island
· Separated from the mainland India by the Pamban Channel
· Most of the island is covered with white sands
· Coconut and palm trees are found in abundance
· Main towns – Rameshwaram, Dhanushkodi

Disputed Island

IslandKey Points
New Moor• New Moor island located in the delta region of Ganges-Brahmaputra of Bay of Bengal
• It is also known as SouthTalpatti and Purbasha Island.
• It is a disputed island between India and Bangladesh
• The island was adversely affected by the Bhola cyclone in November 1970.
• It lies between the  Satkhira district of Bangladesh and the South 24 Parganas district of West Bengal
Kachchitevu Isand• It was a disputed island between Indian and Sri Lanka.
• The Island is located in the Palk Strait, Only 16 km from the coast Tamil Nadu.
• Later This island given to Srilanka as per the agreement of 1974.
• The maritime boundary between India and Sri Lanka passes through the Palk Strait as Palk Bay touches Dhanuskodi.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1. What is a group of islands closely scattered in a body of water known as?

Answer: Archipelago

Q2. India’s only active volcano is situated at __?

Answer: Barren Island (located in the Andaman Sea)
• It is the only confirmed active volcano in the Indian subcontinent.

Q3. The number of total islands in India?

Answer: 1382 islands

Q4. What is an eight – degree channel?

Answer: The Eight Degree Channel separates the islands of Minicoy and Maldives.

Q5. The total number of islands in Lakshadweep?

Answer: 36


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