Throughout history, certain individuals have revolutionized the way we understand the world. These remarkable people are often called the “Fathers” of their respective fields. Learning about them is important for anyone preparing for General Knowledge (GK) in competitive exams like SSC, Railway, and more.
Here’s why it matters: questions about the Fathers of different fields often appear in exams. By studying this topic, you can boost your chances of scoring higher in the Static GK section. So, take time to go through the list and remember the key names and their contributions. It’s an easy way to prepare smarter!
List of Fathers of Various Fields
Science & Mathematics
Physics
- Father of Modern Science: Galileo Galilei
- Father of Modern Physics: Albert Einstein
- Father of Classical Physics: Isaac Newton
- Father of Experimental Physics: Galileo Galilei
- Father of Electrodynamics: Michael Faraday
- Father of Electromagnetism: James Clerk Maxwell
- Father of Quantum Mechanics: Max Planck
- Father of Quantum Physics: Niels Bohr
- Father of Thermodynamics: Sadi Carnot
- Father of Nuclear Physics: Ernest Rutherford
- Father of Modern Optics: Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen)
- Father of Cosmology: Edwin Hubble
- Father of Theoretical Physics: Richard Feynman
Chemistry
- Father of Chemistry: Antoine Lavoisier
- Father of Modern Chemistry: Dmitri Mendeleev
- Father of Modern Chemistry: Jöns Jacob Berzelius
- Father of Chemical Bonding: Gilbert Lewis
- Father of the Periodic Table: Dmitri Mendeleev
- Father of Biochemistry: Frederick Gowland Hopkins
- Father of Green Chemistry: Paul Anastas
Mathematics
- Father of Geometry: Euclid
- Father of Trigonometry: Hipparchus
- Father of Algebra: Al-Khwarizmi
- Father of Modern Algebra: Emmy Noether (for Abstract Algebra)
- Father of Calculus: Isaac Newton & Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
- Father of Number Theory: Pierre de Fermat
- Father of Set Theory: Georg Cantor
- Father of Probability Theory: Pierre-Simon Laplace
- Father of Statistical Mechanics: Ludwig Boltzmann
- Father of Topology: Henri Poincaré
- Father of Modern Statistics: Ronald A. Fisher
- Father of Mathematical Logic: Bertrand Russell
Technology & Engineering
Computing & AI
- Father of Computer Science: Alan Turing
- Father of Theoretical Computer Science: Alan Turing
- Father of Modern Computing: John von Neumann
- Father of Artificial Intelligence: John McCarthy
- Father of Information Theory: Claude Shannon
Internet & Telecommunications
- Father of the Internet: Vint Cerf
- Father of the World Wide Web: Tim Berners-Lee
- Father of Cryptography: Leon Battista Alberti
- Father of Wireless Communication: Guglielmo Marconi
- Father of the Telephone: Alexander Graham Bell
Mechanical & Electrical Engineering
- Father of Robotics: Joseph Engelberger
- Father of the Steam Engine: James Watt
- Father of the Electric Motor: Michael Faraday
- Father of the Light Bulb: Thomas Edison
- Father of Aviation: Wilbur & Orville Wright
- Father of the Jet Engine: Frank Whittle
Life Sciences & Medicine
Biology & Evolution
- Father of Biology: Aristotle
- Father of Modern Biology: Charles Darwin
- Father of Evolutionary Theory: Charles Darwin
- Father of Taxonomy: Carl Linnaeus
- Father of Genetics: Gregor Mendel
- Father of Microbiology: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
- Father of Bacteriology: Robert Koch
- Father of Virology: Martinus Beijerinck
- Father of Molecular Biology: Francis Crick
- Father of Genetic Engineering: Paul Berg
- Father of Immunology: Louis Pasteur
- Father of Paleontology: Georges Cuvier
Medicine & Healthcare
- Father of Medicine: Hippocrates
- Father of Surgery: Sushruta
- Father of Modern Surgery: Ambroise Paré
- Father of Ayurveda: Charaka
- Father of Homeopathy: Samuel Hahnemann
- Father of Veterinary Science: Shalihotra
- Father of Neurology: Thomas Willis
- Father of Endocrinology: Thomas Addison
- Father of Pathology: Rudolf Virchow
- Father of Public Health: John Snow
- Father of Modern Neuroscience: Santiago Ramón y Cajal
- Father of Experimental Medicine: Claude Bernard
Earth & Environmental Sciences
- Father of Geology: Charles Lyell
- Father of Modern Geology: James Hutton
- Father of Climatology: Wladimir Köppen
- Father of Modern Geography: Carl Ritter
- Father of Oceanography: Matthew Fontaine Maury
- Father of Meteorology: Luke Howard
- Father of Soil Science: Vasily Dokuchaev
- Father of Environmental Science: Rachel Carson
- Father of the Green Revolution: Norman Borlaug
Social Sciences & Humanities
Psychology & Sociology
- Father of Psychology: Wilhelm Wundt
- Father of Behavioral Psychology: B.F. Skinner
- Father of Cognitive Psychology: Ulric Neisser
- Father of Social Psychology: Kurt Lewin
- Father of Developmental Psychology: Jean Piaget
- Father of Clinical Psychology: Lightner Witmer
Economics & Political Science
- Father of Economics: Adam Smith
- Father of Modern Economics: John Maynard Keynes
- Father of Modern Political Economy: David Ricardo
- Father of Political Science: Aristotle
- Father of Comparative Politics: Aristotle
- Father of Classical Liberalism: John Locke
- Father of Positivism: Auguste Comte
Anthropology & Sociology
- Father of Modern Anthropology: Franz Boas
- Father of Indian Sociology: G.S. Ghurye
- Father of Indian Anthropology: Sarat Chandra Roy
- Father of Structuralism: Claude Lévi-Strauss
Arts, Literature, & Music
- Father of Modern Drama: Henrik Ibsen
- Father of English Poetry: Geoffrey Chaucer
- Father of the English Novel: Daniel Defoe
- Father of Science Fiction: H.G. Wells / Jules Verne
- Father of Romanticism: Jean-Jacques Rousseau
- Father of Indian Cinema: Dadasaheb Phalke
- Father of Western Classical Music: Johann Sebastian Bach
